Graphs.java

package com.thealgorithms.datastructures.graphs;

import java.util.ArrayList;

class AdjacencyListGraph<E extends Comparable<E>> {

    ArrayList<Vertex> vertices;

    AdjacencyListGraph() {
        vertices = new ArrayList<>();
    }

    private class Vertex {

        E data;
        ArrayList<Vertex> adjacentVertices;

        Vertex(E data) {
            adjacentVertices = new ArrayList<>();
            this.data = data;
        }

        public boolean addAdjacentVertex(Vertex to) {
            for (Vertex v : adjacentVertices) {
                if (v.data.compareTo(to.data) == 0) {
                    return false; // the edge already exists
                }
            }
            return adjacentVertices.add(to); // this will return true;
        }

        public boolean removeAdjacentVertex(E to) {
            // use indexes here so it is possible to
            // remove easily without implementing
            // equals method that ArrayList.remove(Object o) uses
            for (int i = 0; i < adjacentVertices.size(); i++) {
                if (adjacentVertices.get(i).data.compareTo(to) == 0) {
                    adjacentVertices.remove(i);
                    return true;
                }
            }
            return false;
        }
    }

    /**
     * this method removes an edge from the graph between two specified
     * vertices
     *
     * @param from the data of the vertex the edge is from
     * @param to the data of the vertex the edge is going to
     * @return returns false if the edge doesn't exist, returns true if the edge
     * exists and is removed
     */
    public boolean removeEdge(E from, E to) {
        Vertex fromV = null;
        for (Vertex v : vertices) {
            if (from.compareTo(v.data) == 0) {
                fromV = v;
                break;
            }
        }
        if (fromV == null) {
            return false;
        }
        return fromV.removeAdjacentVertex(to);
    }

    /**
     * this method adds an edge to the graph between two specified vertices
     *
     * @param from the data of the vertex the edge is from
     * @param to the data of the vertex the edge is going to
     * @return returns true if the edge did not exist, return false if it
     * already did
     */
    public boolean addEdge(E from, E to) {
        Vertex fromV = null;
        Vertex toV = null;
        for (Vertex v : vertices) {
            if (from.compareTo(v.data) == 0) { // see if from vertex already exists
                fromV = v;
            } else if (to.compareTo(v.data) == 0) { // see if to vertex already exists
                toV = v;
            }
            if (fromV != null && toV != null) {
                break; // both nodes exist so stop searching
            }
        }
        if (fromV == null) {
            fromV = new Vertex(from);
            vertices.add(fromV);
        }
        if (toV == null) {
            toV = new Vertex(to);
            vertices.add(toV);
        }
        return fromV.addAdjacentVertex(toV);
    }

    /**
     * this gives a list of vertices in the graph and their adjacencies
     *
     * @return returns a string describing this graph
     */
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        for (Vertex v : vertices) {
            sb.append("Vertex: ");
            sb.append(v.data);
            sb.append("\n");
            sb.append("Adjacent vertices: ");
            for (Vertex v2 : v.adjacentVertices) {
                sb.append(v2.data);
                sb.append(" ");
            }
            sb.append("\n");
        }
        return sb.toString();
    }
}

public final class Graphs {
    private Graphs() {
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        AdjacencyListGraph<Integer> graph = new AdjacencyListGraph<>();
        assert graph.addEdge(1, 2);
        assert graph.addEdge(1, 5);
        assert graph.addEdge(2, 5);
        assert !graph.addEdge(1, 2);
        assert graph.addEdge(2, 3);
        assert graph.addEdge(3, 4);
        assert graph.addEdge(4, 1);
        assert !graph.addEdge(2, 3);
        System.out.println(graph);
    }
}