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<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
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<div class="sphx-glr-example-title section" id="tight-layout-guide">
<span id="sphx-glr-tutorials-intermediate-tight-layout-guide-py"></span><h1>Tight Layout guide<a class="headerlink" href="#tight-layout-guide" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<p>How to use tight-layout to fit plots within your figure cleanly.</p>
<p><em>tight_layout</em> automatically adjusts subplot params so that the
subplot(s) fits in to the figure area. This is an experimental
feature and may not work for some cases. It only checks the extents
of ticklabels, axis labels, and titles.</p>
<p>An alternative to <em>tight_layout</em> is <a class="reference internal" href="constrainedlayout_guide.html"><span class="doc">constrained_layout</span></a>.</p>
<div class="section" id="simple-example">
<h2>Simple Example<a class="headerlink" href="#simple-example" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>In matplotlib, the location of axes (including subplots) are specified in
normalized figure coordinates. It can happen that your axis labels or
titles (or sometimes even ticklabels) go outside the figure area, and are thus
clipped.</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">matplotlib.pyplot</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="nn">plt</span>
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">numpy</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="nn">np</span>
<a href="../../api/matplotlib_configuration_api.html#matplotlib.RcParams" title="matplotlib.RcParams" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">rcParams</span></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'savefig.facecolor'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">"0.8"</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">example_plot</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ax</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">fontsize</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">12</span><span class="p">):</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.plot.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.plot" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.plot" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">plot</span></a><span class="p">([</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">])</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.locator_params.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.locator_params" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.locator_params" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">locator_params</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nbins</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xlabel.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xlabel" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xlabel" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_xlabel</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'x-label'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">fontsize</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">fontsize</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_ylabel.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_ylabel" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_ylabel" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_ylabel</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'y-label'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">fontsize</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">fontsize</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_title.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_title" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_title" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_title</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'Title'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">fontsize</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">fontsize</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.close.html#matplotlib.pyplot.close" title="matplotlib.pyplot.close" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">close</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'all'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">ax</span> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">subplots</span></a><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">example_plot</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ax</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">fontsize</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">24</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<img alt="Title" class="sphx-glr-single-img" src="../../_images/sphx_glr_tight_layout_guide_001.png" />
<p>To prevent this, the location of axes needs to be adjusted. For
subplots, this can be done by adjusting the subplot params
(<a class="reference internal" href="../../faq/howto_faq.html#howto-subplots-adjust"><span class="std std-ref">Move the edge of an axes to make room for tick labels</span></a>). Matplotlib v1.1 introduced
<a class="reference internal" href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.tight_layout" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.tight_layout"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Figure.tight_layout</span></code></a> that does this automatically for you.</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">ax</span> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">subplots</span></a><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">example_plot</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ax</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">fontsize</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">24</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.tight_layout.html#matplotlib.pyplot.tight_layout" title="matplotlib.pyplot.tight_layout" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">tight_layout</span></a><span class="p">()</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<img alt="Title" class="sphx-glr-single-img" src="../../_images/sphx_glr_tight_layout_guide_002.png" />
<p>Note that <a class="reference internal" href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.tight_layout.html#matplotlib.pyplot.tight_layout" title="matplotlib.pyplot.tight_layout"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">matplotlib.pyplot.tight_layout()</span></code></a> will only adjust the
subplot params when it is called. In order to perform this adjustment each
time the figure is redrawn, you can call <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">fig.set_tight_layout(True)</span></code>, or,
equivalently, set <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><a class="reference external" href="../../tutorials/introductory/customizing.html?highlight=figure.autolayout#a-sample-matplotlibrc-file"><span class="pre">rcParams["figure.autolayout"]</span></a></code> (default: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">False</span></code>) to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">True</span></code>.</p>
<p>When you have multiple subplots, often you see labels of different
axes overlapping each other.</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.close.html#matplotlib.pyplot.close" title="matplotlib.pyplot.close" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">close</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'all'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">((</span><span class="n">ax1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">ax2</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ax3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">ax4</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">subplots</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nrows</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">ncols</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">example_plot</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ax1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">example_plot</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ax2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">example_plot</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ax3</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">example_plot</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ax4</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<img alt="Title, Title, Title, Title" class="sphx-glr-single-img" src="../../_images/sphx_glr_tight_layout_guide_003.png" />
<p><a class="reference internal" href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.tight_layout.html#matplotlib.pyplot.tight_layout" title="matplotlib.pyplot.tight_layout"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tight_layout()</span></code></a> will also adjust spacing between
subplots to minimize the overlaps.</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">((</span><span class="n">ax1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">ax2</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ax3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">ax4</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">subplots</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nrows</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">ncols</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">example_plot</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ax1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">example_plot</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ax2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">example_plot</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ax3</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">example_plot</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ax4</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.tight_layout.html#matplotlib.pyplot.tight_layout" title="matplotlib.pyplot.tight_layout" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">tight_layout</span></a><span class="p">()</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<img alt="Title, Title, Title, Title" class="sphx-glr-single-img" src="../../_images/sphx_glr_tight_layout_guide_004.png" />
<p><a class="reference internal" href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.tight_layout.html#matplotlib.pyplot.tight_layout" title="matplotlib.pyplot.tight_layout"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tight_layout()</span></code></a> can take keyword arguments of
<em>pad</em>, <em>w_pad</em> and <em>h_pad</em>. These control the extra padding around the
figure border and between subplots. The pads are specified in fraction
of fontsize.</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">((</span><span class="n">ax1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">ax2</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ax3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">ax4</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">subplots</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nrows</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">ncols</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">example_plot</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ax1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">example_plot</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ax2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">example_plot</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ax3</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">example_plot</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ax4</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.tight_layout.html#matplotlib.pyplot.tight_layout" title="matplotlib.pyplot.tight_layout" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">tight_layout</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pad</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.4</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">w_pad</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.5</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">h_pad</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">1.0</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<img alt="Title, Title, Title, Title" class="sphx-glr-single-img" src="../../_images/sphx_glr_tight_layout_guide_005.png" />
<p><a class="reference internal" href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.tight_layout.html#matplotlib.pyplot.tight_layout" title="matplotlib.pyplot.tight_layout"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tight_layout()</span></code></a> will work even if the sizes of
subplots are different as far as their grid specification is
compatible. In the example below, <em>ax1</em> and <em>ax2</em> are subplots of a 2x2
grid, while <em>ax3</em> is of a 1x2 grid.</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.close.html#matplotlib.pyplot.close" title="matplotlib.pyplot.close" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">close</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'all'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.figure.html#matplotlib.pyplot.figure" title="matplotlib.pyplot.figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">figure</span></a><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">ax1</span> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplot.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplot" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplot" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">subplot</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">221</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">ax2</span> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplot.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplot" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplot" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">subplot</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">223</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">ax3</span> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplot.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplot" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplot" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">subplot</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">122</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">example_plot</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ax1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">example_plot</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ax2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">example_plot</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ax3</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.tight_layout.html#matplotlib.pyplot.tight_layout" title="matplotlib.pyplot.tight_layout" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">tight_layout</span></a><span class="p">()</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<img alt="Title, Title, Title" class="sphx-glr-single-img" src="../../_images/sphx_glr_tight_layout_guide_006.png" />
<p>It works with subplots created with
<a class="reference internal" href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplot2grid.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplot2grid" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplot2grid"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">subplot2grid()</span></code></a>. In general, subplots created
from the gridspec (<a class="reference internal" href="gridspec.html"><span class="doc">Customizing Figure Layouts Using GridSpec and Other Functions</span></a>) will work.</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.close.html#matplotlib.pyplot.close" title="matplotlib.pyplot.close" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">close</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'all'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.figure.html#matplotlib.pyplot.figure" title="matplotlib.pyplot.figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">figure</span></a><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">ax1</span> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplot2grid.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplot2grid" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplot2grid" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">subplot2grid</span></a><span class="p">((</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="n">ax2</span> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplot2grid.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplot2grid" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplot2grid" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">subplot2grid</span></a><span class="p">((</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">colspan</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">ax3</span> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplot2grid.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplot2grid" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplot2grid" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">subplot2grid</span></a><span class="p">((</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">colspan</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">rowspan</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">ax4</span> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplot2grid.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplot2grid" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplot2grid" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">subplot2grid</span></a><span class="p">((</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">rowspan</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">example_plot</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ax1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">example_plot</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ax2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">example_plot</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ax3</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">example_plot</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ax4</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.tight_layout.html#matplotlib.pyplot.tight_layout" title="matplotlib.pyplot.tight_layout" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">tight_layout</span></a><span class="p">()</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<img alt="Title, Title, Title, Title" class="sphx-glr-single-img" src="../../_images/sphx_glr_tight_layout_guide_007.png" />
<p>Although not thoroughly tested, it seems to work for subplots with
aspect != "auto" (e.g., axes with images).</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><a href="https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">arr</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy/reference/generated/numpy.arange.html#numpy.arange" title="numpy.arange" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">arange</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">100</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">reshape</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">))</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.close.html#matplotlib.pyplot.close" title="matplotlib.pyplot.close" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">close</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'all'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.figure.html#matplotlib.pyplot.figure" title="matplotlib.pyplot.figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">figure</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">figsize</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="n">ax</span> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplot.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplot" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplot" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">subplot</span></a><span class="p">()</span>
<a href="../../api/image_api.html#matplotlib.image.AxesImage" title="matplotlib.image.AxesImage" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-image sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">im</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.imshow.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.imshow" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.imshow" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">imshow</span></a><span class="p">(</span><a href="https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">arr</span></a><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">interpolation</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"none"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.tight_layout.html#matplotlib.pyplot.tight_layout" title="matplotlib.pyplot.tight_layout" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">tight_layout</span></a><span class="p">()</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<img alt="tight layout guide" class="sphx-glr-single-img" src="../../_images/sphx_glr_tight_layout_guide_008.png" />
</div>
<div class="section" id="caveats">
<h2>Caveats<a class="headerlink" href="#caveats" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<ul class="simple">
<li><a class="reference internal" href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.tight_layout.html#matplotlib.pyplot.tight_layout" title="matplotlib.pyplot.tight_layout"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tight_layout</span></code></a> considers all artists on the axes by
default. To remove an artist from the layout calculation you can call
<a class="reference internal" href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.artist.Artist.set_in_layout.html#matplotlib.artist.Artist.set_in_layout" title="matplotlib.artist.Artist.set_in_layout"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Artist.set_in_layout</span></code></a>.</li>
<li><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tight_layout</span></code> assumes that the extra space needed for artists is
independent of the original location of axes. This is often true, but there
are rare cases where it is not.</li>
<li><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pad=0</span></code> can clip some texts by a few pixels. This may be a bug or
a limitation of the current algorithm and it is not clear why it
happens. Meanwhile, use of pad larger than 0.3 is recommended.</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="use-with-gridspec">
<h2>Use with GridSpec<a class="headerlink" href="#use-with-gridspec" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>GridSpec has its own <a class="reference internal" href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec.tight_layout" title="matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec.tight_layout"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">GridSpec.tight_layout</span></code></a> method (the pyplot api
<a class="reference internal" href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.tight_layout.html#matplotlib.pyplot.tight_layout" title="matplotlib.pyplot.tight_layout"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pyplot.tight_layout</span></code></a> also works).</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">matplotlib.gridspec</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="nn">gridspec</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.close.html#matplotlib.pyplot.close" title="matplotlib.pyplot.close" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">close</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'all'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.figure.html#matplotlib.pyplot.figure" title="matplotlib.pyplot.figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">figure</span></a><span class="p">()</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">gs1</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class"><span class="n">gridspec</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">GridSpec</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">ax1</span> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">fig</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add_subplot</span></a><span class="p">(</span><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">gs1</span></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">])</span>
<span class="n">ax2</span> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">fig</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add_subplot</span></a><span class="p">(</span><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">gs1</span></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span>
<span class="n">example_plot</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ax1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">example_plot</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ax2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec.tight_layout" title="matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec.tight_layout" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">gs1</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">tight_layout</span></a><span class="p">(</span><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<img alt="Title, Title" class="sphx-glr-single-img" src="../../_images/sphx_glr_tight_layout_guide_009.png" />
<p>You may provide an optional <em>rect</em> parameter, which specifies the bounding
box that the subplots will be fit inside. The coordinates must be in
normalized figure coordinates and the default is (0, 0, 1, 1).</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.figure.html#matplotlib.pyplot.figure" title="matplotlib.pyplot.figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">figure</span></a><span class="p">()</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">gs1</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class"><span class="n">gridspec</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">GridSpec</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">ax1</span> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">fig</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add_subplot</span></a><span class="p">(</span><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">gs1</span></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">])</span>
<span class="n">ax2</span> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">fig</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add_subplot</span></a><span class="p">(</span><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">gs1</span></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span>
<span class="n">example_plot</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ax1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">example_plot</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ax2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec.tight_layout" title="matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec.tight_layout" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">gs1</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">tight_layout</span></a><span class="p">(</span><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">rect</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.5</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">1.0</span><span class="p">])</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<img alt="Title, Title" class="sphx-glr-single-img" src="../../_images/sphx_glr_tight_layout_guide_010.png" />
<p>However, we do not recommend that this be used to manually construct more
complicated layouts, like having one GridSpec in the left and one in the
right side of the figure. For these use cases, one should instead take
advantage of <a class="reference internal" href="../../gallery/subplots_axes_and_figures/gridspec_nested.html"><span class="doc">Nested Gridspecs</span></a>, or
the <a class="reference internal" href="../../gallery/subplots_axes_and_figures/subfigures.html"><span class="doc">Figure subfigures</span></a>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="legends-and-annotations">
<h2>Legends and Annotations<a class="headerlink" href="#legends-and-annotations" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>Pre Matplotlib 2.2, legends and annotations were excluded from the bounding
box calculations that decide the layout. Subsequently these artists were
added to the calculation, but sometimes it is undesirable to include them.
For instance in this case it might be good to have the axes shrink a bit
to make room for the legend:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">ax</span> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">subplots</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">figsize</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">))</span>
<a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#list" title="builtins.list" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">lines</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.plot.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.plot" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.plot" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">plot</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">label</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'A simple plot'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.legend.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.legend" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.legend" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">legend</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">bbox_to_anchor</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0.7</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.5</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">loc</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'center left'</span><span class="p">,)</span>
<a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.tight_layout" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.tight_layout" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">fig</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">tight_layout</span></a><span class="p">()</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.show.html#matplotlib.pyplot.show" title="matplotlib.pyplot.show" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">show</span></a><span class="p">()</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<img alt="tight layout guide" class="sphx-glr-single-img" src="../../_images/sphx_glr_tight_layout_guide_011.png" />
<p>However, sometimes this is not desired (quite often when using
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">fig.savefig('outname.png',</span> <span class="pre">bbox_inches='tight')</span></code>). In order to
remove the legend from the bounding box calculation, we simply set its
bounding <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">leg.set_in_layout(False)</span></code> and the legend will be ignored.</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">ax</span> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">subplots</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">figsize</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">))</span>
<a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#list" title="builtins.list" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">lines</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.plot.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.plot" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.plot" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">plot</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">label</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'B simple plot'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/legend_api.html#matplotlib.legend.Legend" title="matplotlib.legend.Legend" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-legend sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">leg</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.legend.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.legend" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.legend" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">legend</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">bbox_to_anchor</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0.7</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.5</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">loc</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'center left'</span><span class="p">,)</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.artist.Artist.set_in_layout.html#matplotlib.artist.Artist.set_in_layout" title="matplotlib.artist.Artist.set_in_layout" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-artist sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">leg</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_in_layout</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">False</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.tight_layout" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.tight_layout" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">fig</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">tight_layout</span></a><span class="p">()</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.show.html#matplotlib.pyplot.show" title="matplotlib.pyplot.show" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">show</span></a><span class="p">()</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<img alt="tight layout guide" class="sphx-glr-single-img" src="../../_images/sphx_glr_tight_layout_guide_012.png" />
</div>
<div class="section" id="use-with-axesgrid1">
<h2>Use with AxesGrid1<a class="headerlink" href="#use-with-axesgrid1" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>While limited, <a class="reference internal" href="../../api/toolkits/axes_grid1.html#module-mpl_toolkits.axes_grid1" title="mpl_toolkits.axes_grid1"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">mpl_toolkits.axes_grid1</span></code></a> is also supported.</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">mpl_toolkits.axes_grid1</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Grid</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.close.html#matplotlib.pyplot.close" title="matplotlib.pyplot.close" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">close</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'all'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.figure.html#matplotlib.pyplot.figure" title="matplotlib.pyplot.figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">figure</span></a><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">grid</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Grid</span><span class="p">(</span><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">rect</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">111</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">nrows_ncols</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">),</span>
<span class="n">axes_pad</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.25</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">label_mode</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'L'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">ax</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">example_plot</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ax</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.artist.Artist.set_visible.html#matplotlib.artist.Artist.set_visible" title="matplotlib.artist.Artist.set_visible" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-artist sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">title</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_visible</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">False</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.tight_layout.html#matplotlib.pyplot.tight_layout" title="matplotlib.pyplot.tight_layout" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">tight_layout</span></a><span class="p">()</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<img alt="Title, Title, Title, Title" class="sphx-glr-single-img" src="../../_images/sphx_glr_tight_layout_guide_013.png" />
</div>
<div class="section" id="colorbar">
<h2>Colorbar<a class="headerlink" href="#colorbar" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>If you create a colorbar with <a class="reference internal" href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.colorbar" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.colorbar"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Figure.colorbar</span></code></a>, the created colorbar is
drawn in a Subplot as long as the parent axes is also a Subplot, so
<a class="reference internal" href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.tight_layout" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.tight_layout"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Figure.tight_layout</span></code></a> will work.</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.close.html#matplotlib.pyplot.close" title="matplotlib.pyplot.close" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">close</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'all'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">arr</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy/reference/generated/numpy.arange.html#numpy.arange" title="numpy.arange" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">arange</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">100</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">reshape</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">))</span>
<a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.figure.html#matplotlib.pyplot.figure" title="matplotlib.pyplot.figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">figure</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">figsize</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">))</span>
<a href="../../api/image_api.html#matplotlib.image.AxesImage" title="matplotlib.image.AxesImage" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-image sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">im</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.imshow.html#matplotlib.pyplot.imshow" title="matplotlib.pyplot.imshow" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">imshow</span></a><span class="p">(</span><a href="https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">arr</span></a><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">interpolation</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"none"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.colorbar.html#matplotlib.pyplot.colorbar" title="matplotlib.pyplot.colorbar" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">colorbar</span></a><span class="p">(</span><a href="../../api/image_api.html#matplotlib.image.AxesImage" title="matplotlib.image.AxesImage" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-image sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">im</span></a><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.tight_layout.html#matplotlib.pyplot.tight_layout" title="matplotlib.pyplot.tight_layout" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">tight_layout</span></a><span class="p">()</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<img alt="tight layout guide" class="sphx-glr-single-img" src="../../_images/sphx_glr_tight_layout_guide_014.png" />
<p>Another option is to use the AxesGrid1 toolkit to
explicitly create an axes for the colorbar.</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">mpl_toolkits.axes_grid1</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">make_axes_locatable</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.close.html#matplotlib.pyplot.close" title="matplotlib.pyplot.close" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">close</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'all'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">arr</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy/reference/generated/numpy.arange.html#numpy.arange" title="numpy.arange" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">arange</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">100</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">reshape</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">))</span>
<a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.figure.html#matplotlib.pyplot.figure" title="matplotlib.pyplot.figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">figure</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">figsize</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">))</span>
<a href="../../api/image_api.html#matplotlib.image.AxesImage" title="matplotlib.image.AxesImage" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-image sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">im</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.imshow.html#matplotlib.pyplot.imshow" title="matplotlib.pyplot.imshow" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">imshow</span></a><span class="p">(</span><a href="https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">arr</span></a><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">interpolation</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"none"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">divider</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">make_axes_locatable</span><span class="p">(</span><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.gca.html#matplotlib.pyplot.gca" title="matplotlib.pyplot.gca" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">gca</span></a><span class="p">())</span>
<a href="../../api/axes_api.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">cax</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">divider</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append_axes</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"right"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"5%"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">pad</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"3%"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.colorbar.html#matplotlib.pyplot.colorbar" title="matplotlib.pyplot.colorbar" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">colorbar</span></a><span class="p">(</span><a href="../../api/image_api.html#matplotlib.image.AxesImage" title="matplotlib.image.AxesImage" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-image sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">im</span></a><span class="p">,</span> <a href="../../api/axes_api.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">cax</span></a><span class="o">=</span><a href="../../api/axes_api.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">cax</span></a><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.tight_layout.html#matplotlib.pyplot.tight_layout" title="matplotlib.pyplot.tight_layout" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">tight_layout</span></a><span class="p">()</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<img alt="tight layout guide" class="sphx-glr-single-img" src="../../_images/sphx_glr_tight_layout_guide_015.png" />
<p class="sphx-glr-timing"><strong>Total running time of the script:</strong> ( 0 minutes 5.110 seconds)</p>
<div class="sphx-glr-footer class sphx-glr-footer-example docutils container" id="sphx-glr-download-tutorials-intermediate-tight-layout-guide-py">
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<a class="reference download internal" download="" href="../../_downloads/e966d1b4c9dde1af5943f8e8b1e9f2b7/tight_layout_guide.py"><code class="xref download docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Download</span> <span class="pre">Python</span> <span class="pre">source</span> <span class="pre">code:</span> <span class="pre">tight_layout_guide.py</span></code></a></div>
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<a class="reference download internal" download="" href="../../_downloads/ec9eb1ce0ee8bcdfe27b498882260916/tight_layout_guide.ipynb"><code class="xref download docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Download</span> <span class="pre">Jupyter</span> <span class="pre">notebook:</span> <span class="pre">tight_layout_guide.ipynb</span></code></a></div>
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<p class="sphx-glr-signature">Keywords: matplotlib code example, codex, python plot, pyplot
<a class="reference external" href="https://sphinx-gallery.readthedocs.io">Gallery generated by Sphinx-Gallery</a></p>
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