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Colorbars
</a>
</li>
<li class="toc-h2 nav-item toc-entry">
<a class="reference internal nav-link" href="#suptitle">
Suptitle
</a>
</li>
<li class="toc-h2 nav-item toc-entry">
<a class="reference internal nav-link" href="#legends">
Legends
</a>
</li>
<li class="toc-h2 nav-item toc-entry">
<a class="reference internal nav-link" href="#padding-and-spacing">
Padding and Spacing
</a>
<ul class="nav section-nav flex-column">
<li class="toc-h3 nav-item toc-entry">
<a class="reference internal nav-link" href="#spacing-with-colorbars">
Spacing with colorbars
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toc-h2 nav-item toc-entry">
<a class="reference internal nav-link" href="#rcparams">
rcParams
</a>
</li>
<li class="toc-h2 nav-item toc-entry">
<a class="reference internal nav-link" href="#use-with-gridspec">
Use with GridSpec
</a>
</li>
<li class="toc-h2 nav-item toc-entry">
<a class="reference internal nav-link" href="#manually-setting-axes-positions">
Manually setting axes positions
</a>
</li>
<li class="toc-h2 nav-item toc-entry">
<a class="reference internal nav-link" href="#manually-turning-off-constrained-layout">
Manually turning off
<code class="docutils literal notranslate">
<span class="pre">
constrained_layout
</span>
</code>
</a>
</li>
<li class="toc-h2 nav-item toc-entry">
<a class="reference internal nav-link" href="#limitations">
Limitations
</a>
<ul class="nav section-nav flex-column">
<li class="toc-h3 nav-item toc-entry">
<a class="reference internal nav-link" href="#incompatible-functions">
Incompatible functions
</a>
</li>
<li class="toc-h3 nav-item toc-entry">
<a class="reference internal nav-link" href="#other-caveats">
Other Caveats
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toc-h2 nav-item toc-entry">
<a class="reference internal nav-link" href="#debugging">
Debugging
</a>
</li>
<li class="toc-h2 nav-item toc-entry">
<a class="reference internal nav-link" href="#notes-on-the-algorithm">
Notes on the algorithm
</a>
<ul class="nav section-nav flex-column">
<li class="toc-h3 nav-item toc-entry">
<a class="reference internal nav-link" href="#simple-case-one-axes">
Simple case: one Axes
</a>
</li>
<li class="toc-h3 nav-item toc-entry">
<a class="reference internal nav-link" href="#simple-case-two-axes">
Simple case: two Axes
</a>
</li>
<li class="toc-h3 nav-item toc-entry">
<a class="reference internal nav-link" href="#two-axes-and-colorbar">
Two Axes and colorbar
</a>
</li>
<li class="toc-h3 nav-item toc-entry">
<a class="reference internal nav-link" href="#colorbar-associated-with-a-gridspec">
Colorbar associated with a Gridspec
</a>
</li>
<li class="toc-h3 nav-item toc-entry">
<a class="reference internal nav-link" href="#uneven-sized-axes">
Uneven sized Axes
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</div>
<div class="toc-item">
</div>
</div>
<main class="col-12 col-md-9 col-xl-7 py-md-5 pl-md-5 pr-md-4 bd-content" role="main">
<div>
<div class="sphx-glr-download-link-note admonition note">
<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
<p>Click <a class="reference internal" href="#sphx-glr-download-tutorials-intermediate-constrainedlayout-guide-py"><span class="std std-ref">here</span></a>
to download the full example code</p>
</div>
<section class="sphx-glr-example-title" id="constrained-layout-guide">
<span id="sphx-glr-tutorials-intermediate-constrainedlayout-guide-py"></span><h1>Constrained Layout Guide<a class="headerlink" href="#constrained-layout-guide" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<p>How to use constrained-layout to fit plots within your figure cleanly.</p>
<p><em>constrained_layout</em> automatically adjusts subplots and decorations like
legends and colorbars so that they fit in the figure window while still
preserving, as best they can, the logical layout requested by the user.</p>
<p><em>constrained_layout</em> is similar to
<a class="reference internal" href="tight_layout_guide.html"><span class="doc">tight_layout</span></a>,
but uses a constraint solver to determine the size of axes that allows
them to fit.</p>
<p><em>constrained_layout</em> needs to be activated before any axes are added to
a figure. Two ways of doing so are</p>
<ul>
<li><p>using the respective argument to <a class="reference internal" href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplots"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">subplots()</span></code></a> or
<a class="reference internal" href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.figure.html#matplotlib.pyplot.figure" title="matplotlib.pyplot.figure"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">figure()</span></code></a>, e.g.:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">subplots</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">constrained_layout</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
<li><p>activate it via <a class="reference internal" href="../introductory/customizing.html#customizing-with-dynamic-rc-settings"><span class="std std-ref">rcParams</span></a>,
like:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><a href="../../api/matplotlib_configuration_api.html#matplotlib.RcParams" title="matplotlib.RcParams" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/matplotlib_configuration_api.html#matplotlib.RcParams" title="matplotlib.RcParams" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">rcParams</span></a></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'figure.constrained_layout.use'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">True</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
<p>Those are described in detail throughout the following sections.</p>
<div class="admonition warning">
<p class="admonition-title">Warning</p>
<p>Currently Constrained Layout is <strong>experimental</strong>. The
behaviour and API are subject to change, or the whole functionality
may be removed without a deprecation period. If you <em>require</em> your
plots to be absolutely reproducible, get the Axes positions after
running Constrained Layout and use <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ax.set_position()</span></code> in your code
with <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">constrained_layout=False</span></code>.</p>
</div>
<section id="simple-example">
<h2>Simple Example<a class="headerlink" href="#simple-example" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>In Matplotlib, the location of axes (including subplots) are specified in
normalized figure coordinates. It can happen that your axis labels or
titles (or sometimes even ticklabels) go outside the figure area, and are thus
clipped.</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">matplotlib.pyplot</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="nn">plt</span>
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">matplotlib.colors</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="nn">mcolors</span>
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">matplotlib.gridspec</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="nn">gridspec</span>
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">numpy</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="nn">np</span>
<a href="../../api/matplotlib_configuration_api.html#matplotlib.RcParams" title="matplotlib.RcParams" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/matplotlib_configuration_api.html#matplotlib.RcParams" title="matplotlib.RcParams" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">rcParams</span></a></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'savefig.facecolor'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">"0.8"</span>
<a href="../../api/matplotlib_configuration_api.html#matplotlib.RcParams" title="matplotlib.RcParams" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/matplotlib_configuration_api.html#matplotlib.RcParams" title="matplotlib.RcParams" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">rcParams</span></a></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'figure.figsize'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mf">4.5</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">4.</span>
<a href="../../api/matplotlib_configuration_api.html#matplotlib.RcParams" title="matplotlib.RcParams" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/matplotlib_configuration_api.html#matplotlib.RcParams" title="matplotlib.RcParams" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">rcParams</span></a></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'figure.max_open_warning'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">50</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">example_plot</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ax</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">fontsize</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">12</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">hide_labels</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">False</span><span class="p">):</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.plot.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.plot" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.plot" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.plot.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.plot" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.plot" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">plot</span></a></a><span class="p">([</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">])</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.locator_params.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.locator_params" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.locator_params" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.locator_params.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.locator_params" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.locator_params" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">locator_params</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nbins</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">hide_labels</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xticklabels.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xticklabels" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xticklabels" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xticklabels.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xticklabels" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xticklabels" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_xticklabels</span></a></a><span class="p">([])</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_yticklabels.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_yticklabels" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_yticklabels" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_yticklabels.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_yticklabels" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_yticklabels" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_yticklabels</span></a></a><span class="p">([])</span>
<span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xlabel.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xlabel" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xlabel" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xlabel.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xlabel" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xlabel" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_xlabel</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'x-label'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">fontsize</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">fontsize</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_ylabel.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_ylabel" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_ylabel" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_ylabel.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_ylabel" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_ylabel" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_ylabel</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'y-label'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">fontsize</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">fontsize</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_title.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_title" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_title" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_title.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_title" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_title" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_title</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'Title'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">fontsize</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">fontsize</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a></a><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">ax</span> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">subplots</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">constrained_layout</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">False</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">example_plot</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ax</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">fontsize</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">24</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<img src="../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_001.png" srcset="../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_001.png, ../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_001_2_0x.png 2.0x" alt="Title" class = "sphx-glr-single-img"/><p>To prevent this, the location of axes needs to be adjusted. For
subplots, this can be done manually by adjusting the subplot parameters
using <a class="reference internal" href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.subplots_adjust" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.subplots_adjust"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Figure.subplots_adjust</span></code></a>. However, specifying your figure with the
# <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">constrained_layout=True</span></code> keyword argument will do the adjusting
# automatically.</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a></a><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">ax</span> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">subplots</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">constrained_layout</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">example_plot</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ax</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">fontsize</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">24</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<img src="../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_002.png" srcset="../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_002.png, ../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_002_2_0x.png 2.0x" alt="Title" class = "sphx-glr-single-img"/><p>When you have multiple subplots, often you see labels of different
axes overlapping each other.</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a></a><span class="p">,</span> <a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">axs</span></a></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">subplots</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">constrained_layout</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">False</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">ax</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.flatiter.html#numpy.flatiter" title="numpy.flatiter" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.flatiter.html#numpy.flatiter" title="numpy.flatiter" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">axs</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">flat</span></a></a><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">example_plot</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ax</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<img src="../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_003.png" srcset="../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_003.png, ../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_003_2_0x.png 2.0x" alt="Title, Title, Title, Title" class = "sphx-glr-single-img"/><p>Specifying <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">constrained_layout=True</span></code> in the call to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">plt.subplots</span></code>
causes the layout to be properly constrained.</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a></a><span class="p">,</span> <a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">axs</span></a></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">subplots</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">constrained_layout</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">ax</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.flatiter.html#numpy.flatiter" title="numpy.flatiter" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.flatiter.html#numpy.flatiter" title="numpy.flatiter" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">axs</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">flat</span></a></a><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">example_plot</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ax</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<img src="../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_004.png" srcset="../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_004.png, ../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_004_2_0x.png 2.0x" alt="Title, Title, Title, Title" class = "sphx-glr-single-img"/></section>
<section id="colorbars">
<h2>Colorbars<a class="headerlink" href="#colorbars" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>If you create a colorbar with <a class="reference internal" href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.colorbar" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.colorbar"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Figure.colorbar</span></code></a>,
you need to make room for it. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">constrained_layout</span></code> does this
automatically. Note that if you specify <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">use_gridspec=True</span></code> it will be
ignored because this option is made for improving the layout via
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tight_layout</span></code>.</p>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
<p>For the <a class="reference internal" href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.pcolormesh.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.pcolormesh" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.pcolormesh"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pcolormesh</span></code></a> keyword arguments (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pc_kwargs</span></code>) we use a
dictionary. Below we will assign one colorbar to a number of axes each
containing a <a class="reference internal" href="../../api/cm_api.html#matplotlib.cm.ScalarMappable" title="matplotlib.cm.ScalarMappable"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ScalarMappable</span></code></a>; specifying the norm and colormap
ensures the colorbar is accurate for all the axes.</p>
</div>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">arr</span></a></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.arange.html#numpy.arange" title="numpy.arange" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.arange.html#numpy.arange" title="numpy.arange" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">arange</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">100</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">reshape</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">))</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.colors.Normalize.html#matplotlib.colors.Normalize" title="matplotlib.colors.Normalize" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-colors sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.colors.Normalize.html#matplotlib.colors.Normalize" title="matplotlib.colors.Normalize" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-colors sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">norm</span></a></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.colors.Normalize.html#matplotlib.colors.Normalize" title="matplotlib.colors.Normalize" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-colors sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.colors.Normalize.html#matplotlib.colors.Normalize" title="matplotlib.colors.Normalize" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-colors sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class"><span class="n">mcolors</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Normalize</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vmin</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">vmax</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">100.</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c1"># see note above: this makes all pcolormesh calls consistent:</span>
<a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#dict" title="builtins.dict" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#dict" title="builtins.dict" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">pc_kwargs</span></a></a> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s1">'rasterized'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'cmap'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s1">'viridis'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'norm'</span><span class="p">:</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.colors.Normalize.html#matplotlib.colors.Normalize" title="matplotlib.colors.Normalize" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-colors sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.colors.Normalize.html#matplotlib.colors.Normalize" title="matplotlib.colors.Normalize" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-colors sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">norm</span></a></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a></a><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">ax</span> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">subplots</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">figsize</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">constrained_layout</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/collections_api.html#matplotlib.collections.QuadMesh" title="matplotlib.collections.QuadMesh" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-collections sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/collections_api.html#matplotlib.collections.QuadMesh" title="matplotlib.collections.QuadMesh" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-collections sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">im</span></a></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.pcolormesh.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.pcolormesh" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.pcolormesh" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.pcolormesh.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.pcolormesh" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.pcolormesh" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">pcolormesh</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">arr</span></a></a><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">**</span><a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#dict" title="builtins.dict" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#dict" title="builtins.dict" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">pc_kwargs</span></a></a><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.colorbar" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.colorbar" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.colorbar" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.colorbar" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">fig</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">colorbar</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><a href="../../api/collections_api.html#matplotlib.collections.QuadMesh" title="matplotlib.collections.QuadMesh" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-collections sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/collections_api.html#matplotlib.collections.QuadMesh" title="matplotlib.collections.QuadMesh" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-collections sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">im</span></a></a><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">ax</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">shrink</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.6</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<img src="../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_005.png" srcset="../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_005.png, ../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_005_2_0x.png 2.0x" alt="constrainedlayout guide" class = "sphx-glr-single-img"/><p class="sphx-glr-script-out">Out:</p>
<div class="sphx-glr-script-out highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><matplotlib.colorbar.Colorbar object at 0x7fd1dc720910>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>If you specify a list of axes (or other iterable container) to the
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ax</span></code> argument of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">colorbar</span></code>, constrained_layout will take space from
the specified axes.</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a></a><span class="p">,</span> <a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">axs</span></a></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">subplots</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">figsize</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">constrained_layout</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">ax</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.flatiter.html#numpy.flatiter" title="numpy.flatiter" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.flatiter.html#numpy.flatiter" title="numpy.flatiter" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">axs</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">flat</span></a></a><span class="p">:</span>
<a href="../../api/collections_api.html#matplotlib.collections.QuadMesh" title="matplotlib.collections.QuadMesh" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-collections sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/collections_api.html#matplotlib.collections.QuadMesh" title="matplotlib.collections.QuadMesh" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-collections sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">im</span></a></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.pcolormesh.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.pcolormesh" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.pcolormesh" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.pcolormesh.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.pcolormesh" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.pcolormesh" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">pcolormesh</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">arr</span></a></a><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">**</span><a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#dict" title="builtins.dict" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#dict" title="builtins.dict" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">pc_kwargs</span></a></a><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.colorbar" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.colorbar" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.colorbar" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.colorbar" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">fig</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">colorbar</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><a href="../../api/collections_api.html#matplotlib.collections.QuadMesh" title="matplotlib.collections.QuadMesh" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-collections sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/collections_api.html#matplotlib.collections.QuadMesh" title="matplotlib.collections.QuadMesh" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-collections sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">im</span></a></a><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">=</span><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">axs</span></a></a><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">shrink</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.6</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<img src="../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_006.png" srcset="../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_006.png, ../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_006_2_0x.png 2.0x" alt="constrainedlayout guide" class = "sphx-glr-single-img"/><p class="sphx-glr-script-out">Out:</p>
<div class="sphx-glr-script-out highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><matplotlib.colorbar.Colorbar object at 0x7fd1df087610>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>If you specify a list of axes from inside a grid of axes, the colorbar
will steal space appropriately, and leave a gap, but all subplots will
still be the same size.</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a></a><span class="p">,</span> <a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">axs</span></a></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">subplots</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">figsize</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">constrained_layout</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">ax</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.flatiter.html#numpy.flatiter" title="numpy.flatiter" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.flatiter.html#numpy.flatiter" title="numpy.flatiter" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">axs</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">flat</span></a></a><span class="p">:</span>
<a href="../../api/collections_api.html#matplotlib.collections.QuadMesh" title="matplotlib.collections.QuadMesh" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-collections sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/collections_api.html#matplotlib.collections.QuadMesh" title="matplotlib.collections.QuadMesh" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-collections sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">im</span></a></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.pcolormesh.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.pcolormesh" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.pcolormesh" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.pcolormesh.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.pcolormesh" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.pcolormesh" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">pcolormesh</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">arr</span></a></a><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">**</span><a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#dict" title="builtins.dict" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#dict" title="builtins.dict" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">pc_kwargs</span></a></a><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.colorbar" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.colorbar" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.colorbar" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.colorbar" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">fig</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">colorbar</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><a href="../../api/collections_api.html#matplotlib.collections.QuadMesh" title="matplotlib.collections.QuadMesh" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-collections sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/collections_api.html#matplotlib.collections.QuadMesh" title="matplotlib.collections.QuadMesh" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-collections sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">im</span></a></a><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">=</span><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">axs</span></a></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">:,</span> <span class="p">][:,</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">shrink</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.8</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.colorbar" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.colorbar" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.colorbar" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.colorbar" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">fig</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">colorbar</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><a href="../../api/collections_api.html#matplotlib.collections.QuadMesh" title="matplotlib.collections.QuadMesh" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-collections sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/collections_api.html#matplotlib.collections.QuadMesh" title="matplotlib.collections.QuadMesh" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-collections sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">im</span></a></a><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">=</span><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">axs</span></a></a><span class="p">[:,</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">shrink</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.6</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<img src="../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_007.png" srcset="../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_007.png, ../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_007_2_0x.png 2.0x" alt="constrainedlayout guide" class = "sphx-glr-single-img"/><p class="sphx-glr-script-out">Out:</p>
<div class="sphx-glr-script-out highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><matplotlib.colorbar.Colorbar object at 0x7fd1ded56190>
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="suptitle">
<h2>Suptitle<a class="headerlink" href="#suptitle" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">constrained_layout</span></code> can also make room for <a class="reference internal" href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.suptitle" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.suptitle"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">suptitle</span></code></a>.</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a></a><span class="p">,</span> <a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">axs</span></a></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">subplots</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">figsize</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">constrained_layout</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">ax</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.flatiter.html#numpy.flatiter" title="numpy.flatiter" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.flatiter.html#numpy.flatiter" title="numpy.flatiter" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">axs</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">flat</span></a></a><span class="p">:</span>
<a href="../../api/collections_api.html#matplotlib.collections.QuadMesh" title="matplotlib.collections.QuadMesh" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-collections sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/collections_api.html#matplotlib.collections.QuadMesh" title="matplotlib.collections.QuadMesh" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-collections sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">im</span></a></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.pcolormesh.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.pcolormesh" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.pcolormesh" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.pcolormesh.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.pcolormesh" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.pcolormesh" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">pcolormesh</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">arr</span></a></a><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">**</span><a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#dict" title="builtins.dict" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#dict" title="builtins.dict" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">pc_kwargs</span></a></a><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.colorbar" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.colorbar" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.colorbar" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.colorbar" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">fig</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">colorbar</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><a href="../../api/collections_api.html#matplotlib.collections.QuadMesh" title="matplotlib.collections.QuadMesh" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-collections sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/collections_api.html#matplotlib.collections.QuadMesh" title="matplotlib.collections.QuadMesh" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-collections sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">im</span></a></a><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">=</span><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">axs</span></a></a><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">shrink</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.6</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.suptitle" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.suptitle" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.suptitle" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.suptitle" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">fig</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">suptitle</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'Big Suptitle'</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<img src="../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_008.png" srcset="../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_008.png, ../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_008_2_0x.png 2.0x" alt="Big Suptitle" class = "sphx-glr-single-img"/><p class="sphx-glr-script-out">Out:</p>
<div class="sphx-glr-script-out highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>Text(0.5, 0.9895825, 'Big Suptitle')
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="legends">
<h2>Legends<a class="headerlink" href="#legends" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>Legends can be placed outside of their parent axis.
Constrained-layout is designed to handle this for <a class="reference internal" href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.legend.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.legend" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.legend"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Axes.legend()</span></code></a>.
However, constrained-layout does <em>not</em> handle legends being created via
<a class="reference internal" href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.legend" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.legend"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Figure.legend()</span></code></a> (yet).</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a></a><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">ax</span> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">subplots</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">constrained_layout</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.plot.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.plot" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.plot" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.plot.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.plot" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.plot" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">plot</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.arange.html#numpy.arange" title="numpy.arange" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.arange.html#numpy.arange" title="numpy.arange" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">arange</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">label</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'This is a plot'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.legend.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.legend" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.legend" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.legend.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.legend" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.legend" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">legend</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">loc</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'center left'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">bbox_to_anchor</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0.8</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.5</span><span class="p">))</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<img src="../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_009.png" srcset="../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_009.png, ../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_009_2_0x.png 2.0x" alt="constrainedlayout guide" class = "sphx-glr-single-img"/><p class="sphx-glr-script-out">Out:</p>
<div class="sphx-glr-script-out highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><matplotlib.legend.Legend object at 0x7fd1ed022640>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>However, this will steal space from a subplot layout:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a></a><span class="p">,</span> <a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">axs</span></a></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">subplots</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">figsize</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">constrained_layout</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">axs</span></a></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">plot</span><span class="p">(</span><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.arange.html#numpy.arange" title="numpy.arange" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.arange.html#numpy.arange" title="numpy.arange" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">arange</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">))</span>
<a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">axs</span></a></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">plot</span><span class="p">(</span><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.arange.html#numpy.arange" title="numpy.arange" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.arange.html#numpy.arange" title="numpy.arange" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">arange</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">label</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'This is a plot'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">axs</span></a></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">legend</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">loc</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'center left'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">bbox_to_anchor</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0.8</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.5</span><span class="p">))</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<img src="../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_010.png" srcset="../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_010.png, ../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_010_2_0x.png 2.0x" alt="constrainedlayout guide" class = "sphx-glr-single-img"/><p class="sphx-glr-script-out">Out:</p>
<div class="sphx-glr-script-out highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><matplotlib.legend.Legend object at 0x7fd1df035610>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>In order for a legend or other artist to <em>not</em> steal space
from the subplot layout, we can <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">leg.set_in_layout(False)</span></code>.
Of course this can mean the legend ends up
cropped, but can be useful if the plot is subsequently called
with <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">fig.savefig('outname.png',</span> <span class="pre">bbox_inches='tight')</span></code>. Note,
however, that the legend's <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">get_in_layout</span></code> status will have to be
toggled again to make the saved file work, and we must manually
trigger a draw if we want constrained_layout to adjust the size
of the axes before printing.</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a></a><span class="p">,</span> <a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">axs</span></a></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">subplots</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">figsize</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">constrained_layout</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">axs</span></a></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">plot</span><span class="p">(</span><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.arange.html#numpy.arange" title="numpy.arange" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.arange.html#numpy.arange" title="numpy.arange" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">arange</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">))</span>
<a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">axs</span></a></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">plot</span><span class="p">(</span><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.arange.html#numpy.arange" title="numpy.arange" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.arange.html#numpy.arange" title="numpy.arange" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">arange</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">label</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'This is a plot'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/legend_api.html#matplotlib.legend.Legend" title="matplotlib.legend.Legend" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-legend sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/legend_api.html#matplotlib.legend.Legend" title="matplotlib.legend.Legend" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-legend sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">leg</span></a></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">axs</span></a></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">legend</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">loc</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'center left'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">bbox_to_anchor</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0.8</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.5</span><span class="p">))</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.artist.Artist.set_in_layout.html#matplotlib.artist.Artist.set_in_layout" title="matplotlib.artist.Artist.set_in_layout" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-artist sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.artist.Artist.set_in_layout.html#matplotlib.artist.Artist.set_in_layout" title="matplotlib.artist.Artist.set_in_layout" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-artist sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">leg</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_in_layout</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">False</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c1"># trigger a draw so that constrained_layout is executed once</span>
<span class="c1"># before we turn it off when printing....</span>
<a href="../../api/backend_agg_api.html#matplotlib.backends.backend_agg.FigureCanvasAgg.draw" title="matplotlib.backends.backend_agg.FigureCanvasAgg.draw" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-backends-backend_agg sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/backend_agg_api.html#matplotlib.backends.backend_agg.FigureCanvasAgg.draw" title="matplotlib.backends.backend_agg.FigureCanvasAgg.draw" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-backends-backend_agg sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">fig</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">canvas</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">draw</span></a></a><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="c1"># we want the legend included in the bbox_inches='tight' calcs.</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.artist.Artist.set_in_layout.html#matplotlib.artist.Artist.set_in_layout" title="matplotlib.artist.Artist.set_in_layout" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-artist sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.artist.Artist.set_in_layout.html#matplotlib.artist.Artist.set_in_layout" title="matplotlib.artist.Artist.set_in_layout" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-artist sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">leg</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_in_layout</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c1"># we don't want the layout to change at this point.</span>
<a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.set_constrained_layout" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.set_constrained_layout" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.set_constrained_layout" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.set_constrained_layout" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">fig</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_constrained_layout</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">False</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.savefig" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.savefig" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.savefig" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.savefig" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">fig</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">savefig</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'../../doc/_static/constrained_layout_1b.png'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">bbox_inches</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'tight'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">dpi</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">100</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<img src="../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_011.png" srcset="../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_011.png, ../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_011_2_0x.png 2.0x" alt="constrainedlayout guide" class = "sphx-glr-single-img"/><p>The saved file looks like:</p>
<img alt="../../_images/constrained_layout_1b.png" class="align-center" src="../../_images/constrained_layout_1b.png" />
<p>A better way to get around this awkwardness is to simply
use the legend method provided by <a class="reference internal" href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.legend" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.legend"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Figure.legend</span></code></a>:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a></a><span class="p">,</span> <a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">axs</span></a></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">subplots</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">figsize</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">constrained_layout</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">axs</span></a></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">plot</span><span class="p">(</span><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.arange.html#numpy.arange" title="numpy.arange" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.arange.html#numpy.arange" title="numpy.arange" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">arange</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">))</span>
<a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#list" title="builtins.list" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#list" title="builtins.list" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">lines</span></a></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">axs</span></a></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">plot</span><span class="p">(</span><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.arange.html#numpy.arange" title="numpy.arange" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.arange.html#numpy.arange" title="numpy.arange" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">arange</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">label</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'This is a plot'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#list" title="builtins.list" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#list" title="builtins.list" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">labels</span></a></a> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">l</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">get_label</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">l</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#list" title="builtins.list" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#list" title="builtins.list" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">lines</span></a></a><span class="p">]</span>
<a href="../../api/legend_api.html#matplotlib.legend.Legend" title="matplotlib.legend.Legend" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-legend sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/legend_api.html#matplotlib.legend.Legend" title="matplotlib.legend.Legend" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-legend sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">leg</span></a></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.legend" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.legend" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.legend" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.legend" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">fig</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">legend</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#list" title="builtins.list" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#list" title="builtins.list" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">lines</span></a></a><span class="p">,</span> <a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#list" title="builtins.list" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#list" title="builtins.list" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">labels</span></a></a><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">loc</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'center left'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">bbox_to_anchor</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0.8</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.5</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">bbox_transform</span><span class="o">=</span><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">axs</span></a></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">transAxes</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.savefig" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.savefig" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.savefig" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.savefig" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">fig</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">savefig</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'../../doc/_static/constrained_layout_2b.png'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">bbox_inches</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'tight'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">dpi</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">100</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<img src="../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_012.png" srcset="../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_012.png, ../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_012_2_0x.png 2.0x" alt="constrainedlayout guide" class = "sphx-glr-single-img"/><p>The saved file looks like:</p>
<img alt="../../_images/constrained_layout_2b.png" class="align-center" src="../../_images/constrained_layout_2b.png" />
</section>
<section id="padding-and-spacing">
<h2>Padding and Spacing<a class="headerlink" href="#padding-and-spacing" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>Padding between axes is controlled in the horizontal by <em>w_pad</em> and
<em>wspace</em>, and vertical by <em>h_pad</em> and <em>hspace</em>. These can be edited
via <a class="reference internal" href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.set_constrained_layout_pads" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.set_constrained_layout_pads"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">set_constrained_layout_pads</span></code></a>. <em>w/h_pad</em> are
the minimum space around the axes in units of inches:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a></a><span class="p">,</span> <a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">axs</span></a></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">subplots</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">constrained_layout</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">ax</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.flatiter.html#numpy.flatiter" title="numpy.flatiter" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.flatiter.html#numpy.flatiter" title="numpy.flatiter" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">axs</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">flat</span></a></a><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">example_plot</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ax</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">hide_labels</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.set_constrained_layout_pads" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.set_constrained_layout_pads" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.set_constrained_layout_pads" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.set_constrained_layout_pads" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">fig</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_constrained_layout_pads</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">w_pad</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">4</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="mi">72</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">h_pad</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">4</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="mi">72</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">hspace</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">wspace</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<img src="../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_013.png" srcset="../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_013.png, ../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_013_2_0x.png 2.0x" alt="constrainedlayout guide" class = "sphx-glr-single-img"/><p>Spacing between subplots is further set by <em>wspace</em> and <em>hspace</em>. These
are specified as a fraction of the size of the subplot group as a whole.
If these values are smaller than <em>w_pad</em> or <em>h_pad</em>, then the fixed pads are
used instead. Note in the below how the space at the edges doesn't change
from the above, but the space between subplots does.</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a></a><span class="p">,</span> <a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">axs</span></a></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">subplots</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">constrained_layout</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">ax</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.flatiter.html#numpy.flatiter" title="numpy.flatiter" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.flatiter.html#numpy.flatiter" title="numpy.flatiter" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">axs</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">flat</span></a></a><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">example_plot</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ax</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">hide_labels</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.set_constrained_layout_pads" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.set_constrained_layout_pads" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.set_constrained_layout_pads" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.set_constrained_layout_pads" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">fig</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_constrained_layout_pads</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">w_pad</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">4</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="mi">72</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">h_pad</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">4</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="mi">72</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">hspace</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.2</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">wspace</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.2</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<img src="../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_014.png" srcset="../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_014.png, ../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_014_2_0x.png 2.0x" alt="constrainedlayout guide" class = "sphx-glr-single-img"/><p>If there are more than two columns, the <em>wspace</em> is shared between them,
so here the wspace is divided in 2, with a <em>wspace</em> of 0.1 between each
column:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a></a><span class="p">,</span> <a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">axs</span></a></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">subplots</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">constrained_layout</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">ax</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.flatiter.html#numpy.flatiter" title="numpy.flatiter" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.flatiter.html#numpy.flatiter" title="numpy.flatiter" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">axs</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">flat</span></a></a><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">example_plot</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ax</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">hide_labels</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.set_constrained_layout_pads" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.set_constrained_layout_pads" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.set_constrained_layout_pads" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.set_constrained_layout_pads" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">fig</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_constrained_layout_pads</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">w_pad</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">4</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="mi">72</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">h_pad</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">4</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="mi">72</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">hspace</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.2</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">wspace</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.2</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<img src="../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_015.png" srcset="../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_015.png, ../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_015_2_0x.png 2.0x" alt="constrainedlayout guide" class = "sphx-glr-single-img"/><p>GridSpecs also have optional <em>hspace</em> and <em>wspace</em> keyword arguments,
that will be used instead of the pads set by <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">constrained_layout</span></code>:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a></a><span class="p">,</span> <a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">axs</span></a></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">subplots</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">constrained_layout</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">gridspec_kw</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="s1">'wspace'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mf">0.3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'hspace'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mf">0.2</span><span class="p">})</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">ax</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.flatiter.html#numpy.flatiter" title="numpy.flatiter" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.flatiter.html#numpy.flatiter" title="numpy.flatiter" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">axs</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">flat</span></a></a><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">example_plot</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ax</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">hide_labels</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c1"># this has no effect because the space set in the gridspec trumps the</span>
<span class="c1"># space set in constrained_layout.</span>
<a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.set_constrained_layout_pads" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.set_constrained_layout_pads" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.set_constrained_layout_pads" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.set_constrained_layout_pads" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">fig</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_constrained_layout_pads</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">w_pad</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">4</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="mi">72</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">h_pad</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">4</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="mi">72</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">hspace</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.0</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">wspace</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.show.html#matplotlib.pyplot.show" title="matplotlib.pyplot.show" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.show.html#matplotlib.pyplot.show" title="matplotlib.pyplot.show" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">show</span></a></a><span class="p">()</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<img src="../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_016.png" srcset="../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_016.png, ../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_016_2_0x.png 2.0x" alt="constrainedlayout guide" class = "sphx-glr-single-img"/><section id="spacing-with-colorbars">
<h3>Spacing with colorbars<a class="headerlink" href="#spacing-with-colorbars" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>Colorbars are placed a distance <em>pad</em> from their parent, where <em>pad</em>
is a fraction of the width of the parent(s). The spacing to the
next subplot is then given by <em>w/hspace</em>.</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a></a><span class="p">,</span> <a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">axs</span></a></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">subplots</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">constrained_layout</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#list" title="builtins.list" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#list" title="builtins.list" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">pads</span></a></a> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.05</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.2</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html#float" title="builtins.float" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html#float" title="builtins.float" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">pad</span></a></a><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">ax</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">zip</span><span class="p">(</span><a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#list" title="builtins.list" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#list" title="builtins.list" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">pads</span></a></a><span class="p">,</span> <a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.flatiter.html#numpy.flatiter" title="numpy.flatiter" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.flatiter.html#numpy.flatiter" title="numpy.flatiter" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">axs</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">flat</span></a></a><span class="p">):</span>
<a href="../../api/collections_api.html#matplotlib.collections.QuadMesh" title="matplotlib.collections.QuadMesh" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-collections sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/collections_api.html#matplotlib.collections.QuadMesh" title="matplotlib.collections.QuadMesh" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-collections sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">pc</span></a></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.pcolormesh.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.pcolormesh" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.pcolormesh" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.pcolormesh.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.pcolormesh" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.pcolormesh" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">pcolormesh</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">arr</span></a></a><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">**</span><a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#dict" title="builtins.dict" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#dict" title="builtins.dict" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">pc_kwargs</span></a></a><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.colorbar" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.colorbar" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.colorbar" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.colorbar" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">fig</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">colorbar</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><a href="../../api/collections_api.html#matplotlib.collections.QuadMesh" title="matplotlib.collections.QuadMesh" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-collections sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/collections_api.html#matplotlib.collections.QuadMesh" title="matplotlib.collections.QuadMesh" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-collections sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">pc</span></a></a><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">ax</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">shrink</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.6</span><span class="p">,</span> <a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html#float" title="builtins.float" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html#float" title="builtins.float" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">pad</span></a></a><span class="o">=</span><a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html#float" title="builtins.float" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html#float" title="builtins.float" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">pad</span></a></a><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xticklabels.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xticklabels" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xticklabels" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xticklabels.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xticklabels" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xticklabels" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_xticklabels</span></a></a><span class="p">([])</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_yticklabels.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_yticklabels" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_yticklabels" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_yticklabels.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_yticklabels" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_yticklabels" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_yticklabels</span></a></a><span class="p">([])</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_title.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_title" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_title" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_title.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_title" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_title" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_title</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="sa">f</span><span class="s1">'pad: </span><span class="si">{</span><a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html#float" title="builtins.float" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html#float" title="builtins.float" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">pad</span></a></a><span class="si">}</span><span class="s1">'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.set_constrained_layout_pads" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.set_constrained_layout_pads" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.set_constrained_layout_pads" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.set_constrained_layout_pads" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">fig</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_constrained_layout_pads</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">w_pad</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">2</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="mi">72</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">h_pad</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">2</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="mi">72</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">hspace</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.2</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">wspace</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.2</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<img src="../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_017.png" srcset="../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_017.png, ../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_017_2_0x.png 2.0x" alt="pad: 0, pad: 0.05, pad: 0.1, pad: 0.2" class = "sphx-glr-single-img"/></section>
</section>
<section id="rcparams">
<h2>rcParams<a class="headerlink" href="#rcparams" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>There are five <a class="reference internal" href="../introductory/customizing.html#customizing-with-dynamic-rc-settings"><span class="std std-ref">rcParams</span></a>
that can be set, either in a script or in the <code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">matplotlibrc</span></code>
file. They all have the prefix <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">figure.constrained_layout</span></code>:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p><em>use</em>: Whether to use constrained_layout. Default is False</p></li>
<li><p><em>w_pad</em>, <em>h_pad</em>: Padding around axes objects.
Float representing inches. Default is 3./72. inches (3 pts)</p></li>
<li><p><em>wspace</em>, <em>hspace</em>: Space between subplot groups.
Float representing a fraction of the subplot widths being separated.
Default is 0.02.</p></li>
</ul>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><a href="../../api/matplotlib_configuration_api.html#matplotlib.RcParams" title="matplotlib.RcParams" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/matplotlib_configuration_api.html#matplotlib.RcParams" title="matplotlib.RcParams" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">rcParams</span></a></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'figure.constrained_layout.use'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">True</span>
<a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a></a><span class="p">,</span> <a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">axs</span></a></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">subplots</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">figsize</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">ax</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.flatiter.html#numpy.flatiter" title="numpy.flatiter" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.flatiter.html#numpy.flatiter" title="numpy.flatiter" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">axs</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">flat</span></a></a><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">example_plot</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ax</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<img src="../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_018.png" srcset="../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_018.png, ../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_018_2_0x.png 2.0x" alt="Title, Title, Title, Title" class = "sphx-glr-single-img"/></section>
<section id="use-with-gridspec">
<h2>Use with GridSpec<a class="headerlink" href="#use-with-gridspec" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>constrained_layout is meant to be used
with <a class="reference internal" href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.subplots" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.subplots"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">subplots()</span></code></a> or
<a class="reference internal" href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">GridSpec()</span></code></a> and
<a class="reference internal" href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">add_subplot()</span></code></a>.</p>
<p>Note that in what follows <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">constrained_layout=True</span></code></p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.figure.html#matplotlib.pyplot.figure" title="matplotlib.pyplot.figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.figure.html#matplotlib.pyplot.figure" title="matplotlib.pyplot.figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">figure</span></a></a><span class="p">()</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpecFromSubplotSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpecFromSubplotSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpecFromSubplotSpec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpecFromSubplotSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpecFromSubplotSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpecFromSubplotSpec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">gs1</span></a></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class"><span class="n">gridspec</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">GridSpec</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">figure</span><span class="o">=</span><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a></a><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">ax1</span> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">fig</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add_subplot</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpecFromSubplotSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpecFromSubplotSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpecFromSubplotSpec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpecFromSubplotSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpecFromSubplotSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpecFromSubplotSpec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">gs1</span></a></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">])</span>
<span class="n">ax2</span> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">fig</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add_subplot</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpecFromSubplotSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpecFromSubplotSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpecFromSubplotSpec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpecFromSubplotSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpecFromSubplotSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpecFromSubplotSpec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">gs1</span></a></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span>
<span class="n">example_plot</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ax1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">example_plot</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ax2</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<img src="../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_019.png" srcset="../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_019.png, ../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_019_2_0x.png 2.0x" alt="Title, Title" class = "sphx-glr-single-img"/><p>More complicated gridspec layouts are possible. Note here we use the
convenience functions <a class="reference internal" href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_gridspec" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_gridspec"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">add_gridspec</span></code></a> and
<a class="reference internal" href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.SubplotSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.SubplotSpec.subgridspec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.SubplotSpec.subgridspec"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">subgridspec</span></code></a>.</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.figure.html#matplotlib.pyplot.figure" title="matplotlib.pyplot.figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.figure.html#matplotlib.pyplot.figure" title="matplotlib.pyplot.figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">figure</span></a></a><span class="p">()</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">gs0</span></a></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_gridspec" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_gridspec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_gridspec" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_gridspec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">fig</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add_gridspec</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpecFromSubplotSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpecFromSubplotSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpecFromSubplotSpec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpecFromSubplotSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpecFromSubplotSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpecFromSubplotSpec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">gs1</span></a></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">gs0</span></a></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">subgridspec</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">ax1</span> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">fig</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add_subplot</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpecFromSubplotSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpecFromSubplotSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpecFromSubplotSpec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpecFromSubplotSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpecFromSubplotSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpecFromSubplotSpec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">gs1</span></a></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">])</span>
<span class="n">ax2</span> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">fig</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add_subplot</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpecFromSubplotSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpecFromSubplotSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpecFromSubplotSpec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpecFromSubplotSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpecFromSubplotSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpecFromSubplotSpec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">gs1</span></a></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span>
<span class="n">example_plot</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ax1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">example_plot</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ax2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpecFromSubplotSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpecFromSubplotSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpecFromSubplotSpec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpecFromSubplotSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpecFromSubplotSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpecFromSubplotSpec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">gs2</span></a></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">gs0</span></a></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">subgridspec</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.SubplotSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.SubplotSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.SubplotSpec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.SubplotSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.SubplotSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.SubplotSpec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">ss</span></a></a> <span class="ow">in</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpecFromSubplotSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpecFromSubplotSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpecFromSubplotSpec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpecFromSubplotSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpecFromSubplotSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpecFromSubplotSpec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">gs2</span></a></a><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">ax</span> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">fig</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add_subplot</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.SubplotSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.SubplotSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.SubplotSpec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.SubplotSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.SubplotSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.SubplotSpec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">ss</span></a></a><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">example_plot</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ax</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_title.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_title" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_title" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_title.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_title" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_title" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_title</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">""</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xlabel.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xlabel" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xlabel" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xlabel.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xlabel" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xlabel" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_xlabel</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">""</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xlabel.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xlabel" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xlabel" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xlabel.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xlabel" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xlabel" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_xlabel</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"x-label"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">fontsize</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">12</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<img src="../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_020.png" srcset="../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_020.png, ../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_020_2_0x.png 2.0x" alt="Title, Title" class = "sphx-glr-single-img"/><p class="sphx-glr-script-out">Out:</p>
<div class="sphx-glr-script-out highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>Text(0.5, 41.33399999999999, 'x-label')
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Note that in the above the left and right columns don't have the same
vertical extent. If we want the top and bottom of the two grids to line up
then they need to be in the same gridspec. We need to make this figure
larger as well in order for the axes not to collapse to zero height:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.figure.html#matplotlib.pyplot.figure" title="matplotlib.pyplot.figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.figure.html#matplotlib.pyplot.figure" title="matplotlib.pyplot.figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">figure</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">figsize</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">6</span><span class="p">))</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">gs0</span></a></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_gridspec" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_gridspec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_gridspec" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_gridspec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">fig</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add_gridspec</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">6</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">ax1</span> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">fig</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add_subplot</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">gs0</span></a></a><span class="p">[:</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">])</span>
<span class="n">ax2</span> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">fig</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add_subplot</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">gs0</span></a></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">:,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">])</span>
<span class="n">example_plot</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ax1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">example_plot</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ax2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">ax</span> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">fig</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add_subplot</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">gs0</span></a></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span>
<span class="n">example_plot</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ax</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">hide_labels</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">ax</span> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">fig</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add_subplot</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">gs0</span></a></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span>
<span class="n">example_plot</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ax</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">hide_labels</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">ax</span> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">fig</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add_subplot</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">gs0</span></a></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">:,</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span>
<span class="n">example_plot</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ax</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">hide_labels</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.suptitle" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.suptitle" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.suptitle" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.suptitle" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">fig</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">suptitle</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'Overlapping Gridspecs'</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<img src="../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_021.png" srcset="../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_021.png, ../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_021_2_0x.png 2.0x" alt="Overlapping Gridspecs, Title, Title" class = "sphx-glr-single-img"/><p class="sphx-glr-script-out">Out:</p>
<div class="sphx-glr-script-out highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>Text(0.5, 0.993055, 'Overlapping Gridspecs')
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>This example uses two gridspecs to have the colorbar only pertain to
one set of pcolors. Note how the left column is wider than the
two right-hand columns because of this. Of course, if you wanted the
subplots to be the same size you only needed one gridspec.</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">docomplicated</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">suptitle</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">):</span>
<a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.figure.html#matplotlib.pyplot.figure" title="matplotlib.pyplot.figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.figure.html#matplotlib.pyplot.figure" title="matplotlib.pyplot.figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">figure</span></a></a><span class="p">()</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">gs0</span></a></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_gridspec" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_gridspec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_gridspec" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_gridspec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">fig</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add_gridspec</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">figure</span><span class="o">=</span><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a></a><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">width_ratios</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">1.</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">2.</span><span class="p">])</span>
<span class="n">gsl</span> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">gs0</span></a></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">subgridspec</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">gsr</span> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">gs0</span></a></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">subgridspec</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">gs</span></a></a> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">gsl</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">ax</span> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">fig</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add_subplot</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">gs</span></a></a><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">example_plot</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ax</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">axs</span></a></a> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">gs</span></a></a> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">gsr</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">ax</span> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">fig</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add_subplot</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec.html#matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" title="matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-gridspec sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">gs</span></a></a><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">pcm</span> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.pcolormesh.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.pcolormesh" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.pcolormesh" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.pcolormesh.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.pcolormesh" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.pcolormesh" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">pcolormesh</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">arr</span></a></a><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">**</span><a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#dict" title="builtins.dict" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#dict" title="builtins.dict" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">pc_kwargs</span></a></a><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xlabel.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xlabel" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xlabel" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xlabel.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xlabel" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xlabel" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_xlabel</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'x-label'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_ylabel.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_ylabel" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_ylabel" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_ylabel.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_ylabel" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_ylabel" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_ylabel</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'y-label'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_title.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_title" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_title" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_title.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_title" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_title" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_title</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'title'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">axs</span></a></a> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">ax</span><span class="p">]</span>
<a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.colorbar" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.colorbar" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.colorbar" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.colorbar" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">fig</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">colorbar</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pcm</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">=</span><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">axs</span></a></a><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">suptitle</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.suptitle" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.suptitle" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.suptitle" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.suptitle" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">fig</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">suptitle</span></a></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">suptitle</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">docomplicated</span><span class="p">()</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<img src="../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_022.png" srcset="../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_022.png, ../../_images/sphx_glr_constrainedlayout_guide_022_2_0x.png 2.0x" alt="Title, Title, title, title, title, title" class = "sphx-glr-single-img"/></section>
<section id="manually-setting-axes-positions">
<h2>Manually setting axes positions<a class="headerlink" href="#manually-setting-axes-positions" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>There can be good reasons to manually set an axes position. A manual call
to <a class="reference internal" href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_position.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_position" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_position"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">set_position</span></code></a> will set the axes so constrained_layout has